Estimating the Degradation of the Pesticides Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam in the Agricultural Soil of the Cabbage Crop using HPLC Technique

Background: The study focuses on the degradation of two pesticides, Thiamethoxam and Acetamiprid, that belong to the Neonicotinoid chemical group. This group is known for its water solubility, making these pesticides possible pollutants in agricultural settings. A research study aimed to estimate the residues of the pesticides Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam in the soil of the Cabbage crop. Methods: Fields on the cabbage crop, Globe master variety, with an area of 30 x 5 m². The soil was preparedand the seedlings were moved from the appellant to the experimental field in three rows, during the autumn season for year 2023, Were used in the experiment Two concentrations of the pesticide acetamiprid, the recommended concentration 0.5 g/L and double the concentration 1 g/L, For Thiamethoxam, used at concentrations of 0.3 g/L and 0.6 g/L. Result: The findings revealed that Acetamiprid, at concentrations of 0.5 g/L and 1 g/L, decreased significantly over time. One-hour post-application, the residues measured 21.46 mg/kg for the lower concentration and 38.10 mg/kg for the higher concentration. These amounts further declined to 5.83 mg/kg on the ideal full degradation dayand the device could no longer detect the pesticide in subsequent days. After ten days, the highest detectable residue was 3.76 mg/kg. While Thiamethoxam, the residues one hour after application were 1.41 mg/kg and 8.87 mg/kg, respectively. These levels continued to decrease, reaching 5.2 mg/kg by the fifth day. After seven days, only a double concentration of 9.9 mg/kg remained detectable. The recovery rates for Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam were 90% and 86%, respectively, indicating the efficiency of the methods used to analyze the pesticide residues in the soil samples.