Research Progress in Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Hyperthyroidism

目前临床治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的方案主要分为三类：抗甲状腺药物治疗、131I治疗以及手术治疗，但以上治疗方案均有不同程度的不良反应。随着中医药事业的发展，中医在治疗甲状腺功能亢进症发挥着明显的优势。本文旨在通过收集近年来中医药治疗甲亢的临床研究，系统阐述甲亢的中医病名、病因病机、分型分期治疗以及中西医结合治疗等多个方面。中医将甲亢归属于“瘿气”范畴，认为其发病与情志、水土环境、饮食、体质等密切相关，病机以气滞、痰凝、血瘀壅于颈前为主，中医治疗注重辨证论治、分期论治，给予中医特色治疗，包括中西医结合治疗、针灸治疗、中医特色外治法及心理治疗等方法，旨在系统改善患者的临床症状及生活质量。Currently, the clinical treatment options for hyperthyroidism are mainly divided into three categories: antithyroid drug therapy, 131I therapy, and surgical therapy, but all of the above treatment options have varying degrees of adverse reactions. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine, it plays a significant advantage in treating hyperthyroidism. This paper aims to systematically discuss various aspects of hyperthyroidism from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by collecting clinical studies conducted in recent years. These aspects include the TCM name of the disease, etiology and pathogenesis, classification and staging of treatment, as well as integrated TCM and Western medicine therapies. TCM classifies hyperthyroidism as “gall gas” and believes that its pathogenesis is closely related to emotion, water and soil environment, diet, physique, etc. The pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism is mainly qi stagnation, phlegm coagulation, and blood stasis in front of the neck. TCM treatment focuses on syndrome differentiation, treatment by stages, and treatment with Chinese characteristics, including integrated traditional and Western medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, traditional Chinese medicine characteristic external treatment methods, and psychological treatment, aiming to systematically improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients.