A novel muscle network approach for objective assessment and profiling of bulbar involvement in ALS

The functional muscle network shows promise for an objective quantifiable measurement tool to improve early detection and profiling of bulbar involvement across the prodromal and symptomatic stages. This tool has various strengths, including the use of a clinically readily available noninvasive instrument, fully automated data processing and analytics, and generation of interpretable objective outcome measures (i.e., latent factors), together rendering it highly scalable in routine clinical practice for assessing and monitoring of bulbar involvement.