Invitro Antimicrobial Properties of Gold Nanaoparticles Biosynthesized by Medicinal Plant Extracts: Croton Megalocarpus

Abstract: Nanoparticles are small particles with distinctive characteristics of chemical, biological and physical properties as compared to the bulk matter. Great interest to explore the potential and application of this nanoparticles have gain momentum in the field of science. This research in particular was designed to explore alternative way of producing these nanoparticles. Green synthesis used in this research was prefer as the materials are readily available, the method is ecofriendly and potentially efficient. The study utilized croton megalocarpus leaves extract as reducing and capping agent of gold solution (1 mM gold (III) chloride trihydrate).Formation of AuNPs was done using Uv vis spectrophotometer while characterization was done using HRTEM,the active biomecules present in the plant extract was screened using FTIR. From the results the stirring time was six minutes and the color of the solution turned from right yellow to dark brown. The uv vis spectrophotometer surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was λmax 545 nm with the intensity of 1.0 after six minutes. The HRTEM results indicated that the resultant nanoparticle were mostly spherical with non-uniform surface with an average diameter of 26.5±1.2nm. The FTIR indicated O-H stretching at 3273.26 cm-1+ absorbance peak which corresponds to alcohol and phenol, carbonyl (C=O) groups stretching at an absorbance peak of 1637.59 cm-1 corresponding to carbonyl-containing organic species. The nanoparticles produced showed great antimicrobial properties especially on gram negative bacteria, with E.coli having highest inhibition of 15 ±0.41nm the least affected was B.sabtilis a gram positive bacteria with 8.5 ± 0.73 and E.feacalis which was resistant to AuNPs inhibition. Synergistic antimicrobial effect was observed on E.feacalis where coating an inhibition of 16.5nm as compared to drug alone which had an inhibition of 14.5nm. These findings suggest that AuNPs synthesized from Croton megalocarpus could be valuable in the development of nanotechnology-based antimicrobial drugs.