Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease: advances in adaptive immunity

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily associated with dementia. Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of the immune system in AD pathogenesis, positioning immunotherapy as a promising area of research. This article summarizes the role of adaptive immunity in AD and reviews current treatment strategies. A total of 74 out of 120 relevant articles were analyzed using keywords such as "Alzheimer's disease" and "immunity." Findings suggest that adaptive immunity may facilitate the clearance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins. Monoclonal antibodies and other immunotherapeutic approaches targeting Aβ and tau have progressed from preclinical studies to clinical trials, demonstrating favorable safety and tolerability profiles, albeit without achieving substantial clinical efficacy. In conclusion, while adaptive immunity plays a critical role in AD pathogenesis and treatment, further investigation into immune tolerance and individual variability is essential to enhance therapeutic outcomes.