Study of metal refining during electric arc welding

The article presents sources of sulfur and phosphorus entering the weld pool, their influence on the quality of weld metal during electric arc welding and methods of their removal. It is shown that the influence of sulfur and phosphorus on the formation of hot cracks is mutually enhanced by the fact that the liquation sites of the compounds of these elements in the weld metal coincide. Sulfur removal is facilitated by Mn introduced into the weld pool melt and the main oxides of manganese and calcium contained in the slag, and phosphorus removal is facilitated by the main oxides of FeO and CaO contained in the slag.