Utilizing Modern Technology for the Preservation of Ancient Manuscripts and Rare Books: The Digitization Project at King Abdulaziz Complex for Endowment Libraries as a Model

Abstract Preserving rare manuscripts through digitization has become an essential part of efforts to safeguard cultural heritage in the digital age. These fragile or deteriorating documents face the risk of damage and loss, and information technology provides an effective solution to protect these valuable resources for future generations. It not only helps preserve the originals, but also makes historical knowledge more accessible and flexible. This study adopted a descriptive and analytical approach to present the experience of the King Abdulaziz Complex for Endowment Libraries in digitizing manuscripts, rare books, and 3D-objects. The study relied on observations and field visits to the digitization lab at the King Abdulaziz Complex for Endowment Libraries. Most of these libraries contain a unique collection of manuscripts and rare documents of historical significance. The study resulted in many findings, the most notable of which is the completion of the digitization of 13,411 manuscripts, while 2,280 manuscripts still require conservation. The total number of digitized rare books is 7,644. This study demonstrates that digitization represents a modern and effective technical means for the preservation of ancient manuscripts and rare books, facilitating access and sharing, long-term preservation, and significantly contributing to the preservation of human cultural heritage.