An energy - waste disposal combined sustainable urban system based on microbial hydrogen production

Climate change, carbon neutrality, and sustainable development are undoubtedly the hottest public issues in the world in the past decade. In the face of the increasing frequency of extreme weather and the environmental pollution caused by industrialization in the past few hundred years, the concept of sustainable development is being practiced in more and more industries. Since the Copenhagen Climate Summit in 2009, many countries and regions with international influence have put forward their carbon neutrality plans, striving to explore a new development model that meets the higher quality of life standards while demonstrating their international influence. One of the most important issues is the structural design of the city of the future. In a few decades, a green, clean, and sustainable city should be different from today's cities in many ways, such as waste recycling, energy supply, public transportation, etc. In the context of China's 2030 carbon peak and 2060 carbon neutrality plan, this study takes Shenzhen as an example to propose a system that uses dark fermentation to treat urban organic waste to produce hydrogen, hydrogen power generation, and empower the electric vehicle industry in the form of electricity subsidies, to replace part of the existing waste incineration in Shenzhen and help the ongoing process of replacing fuel vehicles with electric vehicles. This study proposes a model to simulate the development of the system, taking into account economic benefits and carbon emissions. It simulates how the two development models will evolve in the coming decades. This study provides new insights into the design of future city.