Strategies to Increase Response Rate and Reduce Nonresponse Bias in Population Health Research: Analysis of a Series of Randomized Controlled Experiments during a Large COVID-19 Study
Conditional monetary incentives improved response rates to a web-based survey, which required the return of a swab test, particularly for younger age groups. Used in a selective way, incentives may be an effective strategy for improving sample response and representativeness in population-based studies.
Authors
- Christl Ann Donnelly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0195-2463)
- Sam Clemens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8204-9083)
- Helen Ward (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-5036)
- Paul Elliott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7511-5684)
- William Barclay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3948-0895)
- Nicholas Gilby
- Kevin Pickering (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0509-0039)
- Christina Joanne Atchison (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-7389)
- Ara Wardkes Darzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-7989)
- Graham Cooke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-5056)
- Deborah Ashby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-7466)
- Marc Chadeau‐Hyam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8341-5436)
- Steven Riley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7904-4804)
- Galini Pantelidou
Institutions
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Ipsos (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Imperial College London (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
- Published
- 2025-01-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2196/60022
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 25.21
Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit
- Cancer Research UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- British Heart Foundation
- Department of Health and Social Care
- Imperial College London
- UK Dementia Research Institute
- Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
- Medical Research Council
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre