Comparative Analysis of Grid-Connected Inverter for Photovoltaic Generation

The global energy mix is currently facing a major transformation, with the non-renewability of traditional fossil energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas and environmental pollution becoming increasingly prominent. This paper presents an in-depth comparison between different grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters, focusing on the performance, cost-effectiveness, and applicability of these two inverter technologies in PV grid-connected applications. These inverters are highly adaptable to dynamic grid conditions and provide significant harmonic suppression, but the relatively high initial cost is their major drawback. The study also explores optimization methods for filtering techniques, as well as future directions for inverter technology, including the application of smart materials, advanced control algorithms and new semiconductor materials. It is found that LCL-type inverters and three-phase inverters with active power filter have their own advantages, and the selection should be based on specific application needs, cost budget and power quality requirements. In the future, with the continuous progress of technology, we expect that the inverter technology can realize higher efficiency and better power quality to meet the increasing demand for grid-connected PV system.