An Overview of the Development and Energy Management Strategies in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

With the intensification of the global greenhouse effect and the restriction of energy use in countries around the world, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is one of the important solutions and has become a research hotspot and development trend in today's automotive field. This study reviews the development history of hybrid electric vehicles, and also discusses key energy management strategies. Hybrid electric vehicles use both motor and internal combustion engines, through a unique power transmission system, significantly reducing fuel consumption while also achieving low emissions and high energy efficiency. The ultimate objective is to transition towards fully electric vehicles. However, the primary challenge currently facing hybrid vehicles is energy management optimization. Enhancing energy efficiency and environmental performance through precise regulation of the power output between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is the core technology driving the advancement towards a greener and more efficient future