YTTRIUM AS A MODIFIER IN CATALYSTS FOR SULFUR REMOVAL AND IMPROVED STABILITY

This study delves into the use of yttrium-modified catalysts in hydrotreatment processes, focusing on how they enhance sulfur removal efficiency and improve catalyst stability. By introducing yttrium into various catalyst systems, such as palladium-platinum (Pd-Pt) supported on Y-modified USY zeolite and Y-doped Ni₂P phosphides, researchers observed significant advancements in catalytic performance. These included better removal of hard-to-treat sulfur compounds like 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), improved dispersion of active metals, and fewer strong acidic sites, which collectively reduced coke formation. The study emphasizes yttrium’s unique ability to tackle persistent challenges in hydroprocessing, including the removal of refractory sulfur compounds that conventional catalysts struggle to address. Additionally, yttrium enhanced the structural and operational stability of the catalysts, minimizing coke buildup and maintaining efficiency during extended use. Combining experimental findings with theoretical insights, the research positions yttrium as a pivotal modifier for developing next-generation catalysts capable of achieving ultra-deep desulfurization. These catalysts not only meet stringent environmental standards but also demonstrate excellent durability, making them ideal for industrial applications, particularly in diesel fuel hydrotreatment. Future work will focus on refining yttrium incorporation methods and scaling these advancements for widespread industrial adoption. Keywords: Yttrium-modified catalysts, hydrotreatment, ultra-deep desulfurization, palladium-platinum catalysts, USY zeolite, sulfur removal efficiency, coke deposition, hydrogenation.