Circadian Biorhythms of Stress-limiting Hormones in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy and Sarcopenic Obesity

The development of diabetic retinopathy is associated with the levels of melatonin, dehydroepiandrosterone and some other stress-limiting hormones, however, the circadian biorhythms of the latter were practically not analyzed in patients with diabetic retinopathy combined with sarcopenic obesity involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The purpose: to study circadian biorhythms of stress-stimulating hormones in elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy and sarcopenic obesity. The study included an analysis of daily fluctuations of stresslimiting hormones in the morning and evening urine portions of 136 elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy combined with sarcopenic obesity and 125 patients of the same age with diabetic retinopathy without sarcopenic obesity. It was revealed that in patients with diabetic retinopathy and sarcopenic obesity, the content of all studied hormones, especially dehydroepiandrosterone (376,8 ± 5,2 mcg) and dopamine (323,8 ± 3,7 mcg), was statistically significantly lower compared to patients with diabetic retinopathy without sarcopenic obesity — 485,1 ± 6,3 mcg and 397,2 ± 5,4 mcg, respectively. Desynchronization of daily biorhythms in patients with diabetic retinopathy and sarcopenic obesity is expressed in a decrease in the content of cortisol in the morning and evening hours to 81,7 ± 2,2 mcg and 63,5 ± 2,5 mcg, melatonin to 8,4 ± 0,6 mcg and 19,5 ± 1,7 mcg, adrenaline to 10,9 ± 0,8 mcg and 4,2 ± 0,4 mcg, respectively. The gradient of changes in morning hormone values significantly (p < 0,001) exceeds that in the evening hours, amounting to –221,1 and –137,7, respectively, which indicates a decrease in the amplitude of daily fluctuations in circadian biorhythms of stress-limiting hormones among elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy combined with sarcopenic obesity, and the participation of desynchronization of the daily biorhythms of the hormones under discussion in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy combined with sarcopenic obesity. Circadian biorhythms of stress-limiting hormones are recommended to be taken into account in case of combined diabetic retinopathy and sarcopenic obesity.