Mean platelet volume, corpuscular volume, and hemoglobin levels impact the risk of severe preeclampsia in pregnancy

Relevance: Preeclampsia is one of the most severe complications of pregnancy, characterized by the development of arterial hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation. In recent years, increasing interest has been shown in the study of hematological parameters as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of preeclampsia. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator reflecting the size and activity of platelets. An increase in MPV could indicate platelet activation and an inflammatory process. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) characterizes the average length of red blood cells and could indicate various hematological disorders. The study aimed to assess the impact of MPV, MCV, and Hb levels on the risk of developing severe preeclampsia in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: The study included 85 pregnant women divided into two groups: 55 women with severe preeclampsia (Group 1) and 30 healthy pregnant women (Group 2). We conducted a multivariate analysis using logistic regression to assess the impact of these parameters on the risk of preeclampsia. We defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The model’s accuracy was evaluated using ROC analysis. Results: The multivariate analysis revealed that elevated MCV and MPV values were associated with a reduced risk of developing severe preeclampsia, while elevated hemoglobin (Hb) levels were associated with an increased risk. Notably, the model demonstrated a high predictive accuracy, instilling confidence in the study's results with an AUC = 0.82. Conclusion: The study's findings suggest that MCV, MPV, and Hb parameters can significantly predict the risk of severe preeclampsia. Their potential use in clinical practice could offer hope for early diagnosis and prevention of this pregnancy complication, potentially improving outcomes for pregnant women.