Assessment of Service Quality in Urban Sports Facilities: A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework Applied to Shanghai, China

Urbanization in developing countries has led to increasing demands for high-quality public services, highlighting the need for an effective spatial allocation of resources. This study evaluated the spatial distribution of sports facilities in Shanghai’s central urban areas and Pudong New Area, focusing on accessibility, variegation, and coherence at municipal, district, neighborhood, and community levels. The findings reveal that Pudong New Area has higher-quality facilities compared to central areas, with a distinct “southwest-northeast” axis of high-quality sports facilities in Pudong. A multidimensional spatial evaluation framework was developed, offering practical insights for optimizing resource allocation, enhancing accessibility, and addressing supply-side gaps in developing countries.