Portraying disability with trauma: A case study of documentary screenwriting in presenting visually impaired subject

Screenwriting for documentary films involves authentically and ethically representing real-life subjects, especially challenging when portraying disability. This article examines the screenwriting process for Invisible Summit (2023), directed by Fan Lixin, documenting Zhang Hong, the first visually impaired Asian mountaineer to summit Mount Everest. The research explores how the director balances narrative storytelling with ethical considerations, avoiding stereotypes and exploitation. Through a detailed case study, the analysis delves into Zhang Hong’s early childhood trauma and his sensitivity to social perceptions of disability, highlighting the importance of respecting the subject’s dignity. The article integrates insights from disability studies and trauma theory, advocating for a nuanced portrayal that transcends the ‘inspiration porn’ trope. The findings emphasize the necessity for documentary filmmakers to engage deeply with their subjects, ensuring narratives are grounded in empathy and reality. This approach enriches the documentary’s narrative and challenges traditional media representations of disability, promoting more inclusive and respectful portrayals. The study concludes that authentic representation in documentary screenwriting requires a commitment to ethical storytelling, respecting the complexities of the subject’s experiences and fostering a deeper understanding of disability and trauma among audiences.