Micelle-mediated extraction combined with the adsorption onto magnetic nanoparticles for the extraction of crystal violet from wastewater

This work describes cloud point extraction combined with the adsorption onto magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for separation and spectrophotometric determination of crystal violet (CV). Briefly, CV molecules were adsorbed on MNPs and transferred into the surfactant-rich phase of Triton X-114. Subsequently, the target analyte was desorbed from MNPs by acidified ethanol and detected spectrophotometrically. The impact of experimental conditions, including pH, electrolyte, amount of Triton X-114 and MNPs, incubation temperature and time, type, and volume of the eluent was investigated. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.5-250.0 µgL-1 of CV. A preconcentration factor of 42.9 was obtained, and the detection limit for CV was 0.5 µgL-1. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSD) for five replicate analyses of CV (100 µgL-1) were 1.7% and 2.1, respectively. The developed approach was effectively used for quantitative analysis of CV in environmental water samples with accepted recovery (97.0-101.2%). The procedure is accurate, precise, rapid and low-cost. KEY WORDS: Cloud point extraction, Solid phase extraction, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Crystal violet, Wastewater samples. Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(3), 425-435. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i3.3