Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) for 3D Reconstruction of Monocular Endoscopic Video in Sinus Surgery

NeRF demonstrates significant potential for dynamic, high-fidelity 3D surgical field reconstruction in ESS, offering submillimeter accuracy comparable to postoperative CT data in cadaveric specimens. This innovative approach may ultimately augment dynamic real-time intraoperative navigation through co-registration of the 3D reconstruction with preoperative imaging to potentially reduce the risk of injury to critical structures, optimize surgical completeness and, thereby, improve surgical outcomes. Further refinement and validation in live surgical settings are necessary to fully realize its clinical utility.