Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) has positive effects on the mucosa and colonic myoenteric innervation of obese rats

Goji berry ( Lycium barbarum ), characterized as a functional food, has been shown to be effective in the prevention and/or treatment of obesity. This study investigated the effects of Goji berry supplementation (250 mg/kg) on the intestine of male Wistar rats, from 70 to 130 days (group OGB) or 21 to 130 days (group OPR) of age, with obesity induced by simple carbohydrate-rich diet. The diet did not change the morphology or the thickness of the proximal colon wall but increased the proportion of small neurons in the myoenteric plexus. The use of the Goji berry extract had therapeutic effect on the obese animals (group OGB), decreasing body mass and mesenteric fat and increasing HDL cholesterol. As a preventive agent (group OPR) it reduced the body mass index, preserved the percentage of neutral mucins-producing goblet cells and increased the incidence of large neurons in the colonic myoenteric plexus. The use of the Goji berry extract is a promising alternative for the preservation and restoration of the intestinal structure and organization compromised by an obesogenic diet. • Simple carbohydrate-rich diet (SCRD) has obesogenic efficiency in Wistar rats; • Treatment with Goji berry extract (GB) reduces body mass and adipose tissue mass, particularly in the abdominal region; • Prophylaxis with GB extract increases the index of mucin-producing goblet cells in the colonic epithelium; Prophylaxis with GB extract increases raises the incidence of large neurons in the myoenteric plexus; • The use of GB extract is a promising alternative in preserving and restoring intestinal structure and organization.