IEARACDA: Predicting circRNA-disease associations based on information enhancement and arctangent rank approximation

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that play a significant role in cell regulation and disease occurrence. In recent years, the use of computational methods to predict circRNAs associated with diseases has become a research focus. However, these methods are often constrained by the noise interference and an insufficient exploration of the underlying information in known associations. Therefore, this paper proposes an information enhancement and arctangent rank approximation based method to predict potential circRNA-disease associations (IEARACDA). Firstly, information enhancement methods are used to make circRNA and disease similarity information more complete and to reduce the sparsity of known association. Subsequently, the arctangent rank approximation method is employed to mitigate the potential bias issues that may arise from the nuclear norm, and optimization is carried out using the inexact augmented Lagrange multiplier (IALM) method. Finally, potential associations are predicted through heterogeneous graph inference method. The experimental results demonstrate that IEARACDA exhibits superior performance compared to existing methods. Furthermore, case studies for hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer provide additional confirmation of the accuracy and practical significance of the model predictions.