Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and hypolipidaemic effects of the pomace of Gamazumi (<i>Viburnum dilatatum</i>) fruit in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity

Abstract Obesity prevention is emphasised as the first step in preventing lifestyle-related diseases. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase decreases the absorption of fat and prevents obesity, but synthesised inhibitor has side effects, such as diarrhoea. Viburnum dilatatum (V. dilatatum) fruits are cultivated and squeezed to manufacture beverages, and the pomace is generated. Therefore, the pancreatic lipase inhibitory and hypolipidaemic effects of V. dilatatum pomace in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity were investigated to identify natural inhibitors for obesity prevention. The pancreatic lipase-inhibitory ingredients in the pomace were identified as quercetin and kaempferol using high-performance liquid chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In mice fed with high-fat diets for 30 days, the ingestion of V. dilatatum pomace powder or its lipase inhibitory fraction led to decrease adipose tissue weights and plasma triacylglycerol concentration. After oral administration of soybean oil, postprandial hyperlipidaemia was suppressed in mice fed with a fraction diet. Moreover, their faecal lipid excretion was greater than that of the control mice, demonstrating that the hypolipidaemic effect of V. dilatatum pomace was induced by the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of quercetin and kaempferol. These results suggest that V. dilatatum pomace suppresses lipid accumulation and is useful to prevent obesity.