Galactocele Following Aesthetic Breast Augmentation: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

Abstract Galactorrhea and galactocele are rare complications following breast augmentation. These conditions can lead to significant patient discomfort and require careful management. This article aims to report 3 cases of galactocele that developed after aesthetic breast augmentation, proposing approaches for diagnosis, management, and prevention of galactocele. Three patients who underwent breast augmentation presented with galactocele. Clinical evaluations included aspiration of fluid collections, imaging studies, and laboratory tests to rule out infections and hormonal imbalances. Surgical interventions were tailored to each case based on patient preferences and clinical findings. In Case 1, a 40-year-old female experienced bilateral swelling 1-month postsurgery. Despite aspiration, symptoms recurred, leading to surgical revision and drainage. The implants were removed at her request. In Case 2, a 37-year-old female developed a unilateral galactocele 3 months postaugmentation after starting Norethisterone. Ultrasound-guided aspiration and surgical drainage were performed, with the implants kept in place. In Case 3, a 36-year-old female presented with wound dehiscence and lactescent discharge 7 months postaugmentation. Emergency surgery was needed for fluid evacuation, but worsening symptoms led to implant removal and drainage of bilateral galactoceles. Effective management of galactocele and galactorrhea postbreast augmentation requires a personalized approach, addressing both clinical presentations and patient-specific factors. Further awareness of these complications is essential for optimizing patient outcomes. Level of Evidence: 5 (Diagnostic)