An Analysis of Eugen Dühring’s “New Worldview” Based on the Perspective of the <i>Anti-</i><i>Dühring</i><i> Theory</i>

庸俗唯物主义、唯心主义哲学观、空想社会主义和庸俗经济学等思想是构成欧根·杜林“新世界观”的主要内容，而由于其迎合了当时工人阶级的理论兴趣和工人运动的现实需要，杜林的这种理论体系不仅在社会上收获了一大批强烈的拥护者，也对马克思科学社会主义的世界观和无产阶级革命运动造成了强烈的冲击和意义消解。但另一方面，也正是通过对杜林思想体系的反击和批驳，马克思主义基本原理实现了首次完整建构，进一步使马克思主义的世界观和方法论深入人心。因此，要想全面、深入地学习和弄懂马克思主义，理解马克思主义的科学性和真理性，我们还需要对杜林的思想观点有整体性的了解和认识。Vulgar materialism, idealistic philosophical outlook, idealistic socialism and vulgar economics were the main elements of Eugen Dühring’s “new worldview”, and because it catered to the theoretical interests of the working class and the real needs of the workers’ movement at that time, this theoretical system of Dühring not only gained a large number of strong supporters in society, it also caused a strong impact and dissipated the meaning of Marx’s scientific socialist worldview and the proletarian revolutionary movement. But on the other hand, it was also through the counter-attack and refutation of the Dühring ideological system that the basic principles of Marxism achieved its first complete construction, further making the Marxist worldview and methodology deeply popular. Therefore, in order to learn and understand Marxism comprehensively and deeply, and to understand the scientific and truthfulness of Marxism, we also need to have a holistic understanding and knowledge of Dühring’s ideological views.