Social Protection Systems in Sweden: A Case Study of Health Insurance, Social Security the Retirement System

The research addressed a very important topic in the Swedish state, which is the social protection system that distinguishes the country and is the most developed among the countries of the world. The research also aimed to study and analyze the social protection systems in Sweden, focusing on three main axes: health insurance, social security, and the retirement system. The research aims to understand how these systems are designed and the mechanisms for their implementation in the country, and their effectiveness in providing social protection to citizens as well as their impact on improving the quality of economic and social life. The research concluded that the social protection systems in Sweden are comprehensive and cover more than 98% of the population and are equal among citizens and that they are financed by contributions and compulsory taxes. This was positively reflected in life expectancy at birth, as it increased from (81) to (83) years between 2010 and 2022. Employment rates in the country also increased from 64.4% in 2010 to 67.3% in 2021, despite the negative impact of the Corona pandemic.