Simplicia Characterization, Specific and Non-Specific Parameters of Mahkota Dewa Fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl)

Background: P. macrocarpa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl) is known to contain various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. This study aims to evaluate the simplicia characterization and the specific and non-specific parameters of P. macrocarpa fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl).Method: The simplicia characterization, along with specific and non-specific parameters, were determined according to the standards outlined in the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia.Results: The simplicia exhibited the following characteristics: form—transverse slices of the fruit with a semi-spherical shape, smooth surface, grooved texture, fibrous and rough inner surface, with remnants of thick and rigid endocarp, irregularly curved; color—yellowish-white to brownish flesh with dark purple edges; odor—distinctive; and taste—bitter. The infusa showed the following characteristics: form—infusion liquid; color—milky brown; odor—distinctive; and taste—bitter. The drying shrinkage test yielded a result of 1.51%. The total ash content, was 2.97%. The findings indicate that the specific and non-specific parameters of P. macrocarpa fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl) comply with the standards set by the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia. In phytochemical screening, P. macrocarpa extracts are reported to contain flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins.Conclusion: The study concluded that the specific and non-specific parameters of P. macrocarpa fruit (Phaleriamacrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl) meet the requirements of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia.