Utilization of Snakehead Fish Meal (Channa Striata) and Pumpkin Flour (Cucurbita Moschata) as a Formula for Enteral Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting accompanied by carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism disorders from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. High protein in snakehead fish and pectin in pumpkin are claimed to function as antioxidants, anti-diabetic and can control glycemic level. The purpose development enteral formula for patients diabetes mellitus from snakehead fish flour and pumpkin flour. Method: This was an experimental study with a completely randomized design of the factors that formulation (formula 1, 2 and 3). Characteristics analyzed are energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, dietery fiber, colour, viscosity, pH and total plate count. Statistical analysis was done by using friedman test. Result: The Friedman test is conducted to determine whether one formula is significantly more preferred than the other formulas based on the rank scores provided by the respondents. Friedman test showed that formula F1 is the most preferred formula with the mean rank is 2.13. In 100 grams formula F1 contains total energy 134.09 kcal, 9.47% protein, fat 3.05%, carbohydrates 24.44%, dietery fiber 5.90%. Physical and microbiological characteristics formula F1 are colour test L (56.3), a (5.1) b (12.4), pH 5.95, viscosity 47.9 mPa.s and total plate count after incubation 2x24 hours that is 3.5 x 10⁶ coloni/ml. Conclusion: The most preferred formula is Formula F1, with a mean rank of 2.13 according to the Friedmantest. The enteral Formula F1 contains 5.90% dietary fiber. Based on microbiological testing, the total plate count after 2x24 hours of incubation is 3.5 x 10⁶ CFU/ml.