Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists' Effect on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta Analysis

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1) has caught emerging attention in the medical and scientific world as a cure for many obesities, insulin resistance, and diabetically related illnesses [1]. Over the past years, there are projections and few experiment made upon GLP-1s effect on Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal imbalance that affects a woman's ovaries and doesnt have a cure now. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RAs on PCOS by reviewing and synthesizing data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical trials. We analyzed 14 studies with 669 participants published between 2008 and 2023 across four countries. A random-effects model was used to compare the standardized mean difference (SMD) in body mass index (BMI) and other clinical parameters between treatment and control groups. Our outcome showed no significant reduction in BMI with GLP-1 RAs compared to placebo in PCOS patients (SMD -3.13, 95% CI: -6.44 to 0.17), with high heterogeneity (I = 96%). Secondary outcomes yields that no significant differences were found in weight reduction, HOMA-IR scores, or hormone levels (testosterone, cholesterol, DHEA) when comparing GLP-1 RAs with metformin (SMD -0.10, 95% CI: -0.48 to 0.28). These findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs do not significantly improve PCOS symptoms. The substantial heterogeneity across studies highlights the need for further research with larger, more standardized sample sizes.