Dietary structure and pattern in prevention of prediabetes

The light manual labor work pattern of modern society has led to difficulties in blood sugar management, rising obesity rates, and an increase in the number of diabetes patients. Prediabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are elevated but not high enough for a diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes represents a critical stage for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with symptoms including abnormal fasting blood glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations. This review explores the diagnostic criteria for prediabetes and dietary management approach of preventing the state of prediabetes. Poor diet and inadequate physical inactivity are key contributors to the rise in prediabetes cases. Dietary interventions such as understanding your diet structure, following health dietary patterns are effective strategies for managing blood glucose level and preventing prediabetes. The Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, and plant-based dietary patterns have protective effects in reducing T2D risk by promoting insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation. Overall, it is important to combine dietary and lifestyle approaches to prevent prediabetes.