Application and optimization of FPGA-based real-time motion control systems in robotics

With the increasing popularity of robotic applications in various fields and the important role robots play in technological innovation and high-end manufacturing, it is crucial to optimise their performance. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have greatly advanced control technology, leading to their integration into traditional robotic motion control systems, thereby enhancing performance, efficiency, and flexibility. The paper reviews traditional motion control techniques such as open-loop, closed-loop, model predictive, and adaptive control, then explores the unique capabilities of FPGAs, including parallel processing, data acceleration, system-level integration, and low-power design. These capabilities are analyzed in the context of improving sensor data processing, motion control algorithms, path planning, motor control, communication, image processing, safety, and power management in robots. The article demonstrates the advantages of using FPGAs for precise control, efficient data processing, parallel processing, and low power consumption in robot motion control. It reveals the great potential of FPGA technology in improving robot performance and efficiency. This not only provides a new path to enhance the adaptability and robustness of robots in complex environments, but also provides guidance for future technology development and industrial applications.