Creation, simulation and verification of a one-dimensional transient flow model in a civil aircraft cabin with a cracked windshield

In the field of aviation safety, understanding and preventing explosive decompression is crucial[1]. This study focuses on analysing the pressure relief load in large passenger aircraft under explosive decompression conditions, specifically when a cabin window fails. Using a one-dimensional transient flow model based on the method of characteristics, this research examines the effects of decompression results and decompression process with the 0.2meters width of the cabin window during the flight and compares the results with three-dimensional CFD simulation. The model's accuracy is validated against three-dimensional CFD simulations, showing a relative deviation of just 0.722% in total pressure relief time. This efficient and accurate one-dimensional model offers a simple engineering application method for pressure relief load and cabin pressure analysis and airframe strength design.