An adaptive droop control method for hybrid electric aircraft propulsion system

This paper proposes a novel Hybrid Electric Propulsion System (HEPS) architecture based on adaptive droop control, comprising a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), a Fuel Cell (FC), and a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. The system employs a voltage-compensated adaptive droop control strategy integrated with a state machine energy management strategy (SMEMS), enabling the three energy sources to coordinate effectively and meet the power demands of the aircraft efficiently under various operating conditions. The paper includes a detailed analysis and modeling of each energy source and develops corresponding PI control strategies. The feasibility of the proposed topology is confirmed by the simulation results, demonstrating the coordinated performance and stability of the system.