Design parameters for enhancing passive ventilation using vertical void in hot humid climate with high density

Abstract Natural ventilation is deemed as one of the most suitable cooling strategy especially for hot humid climate. Natural ventilation relies on outdoor condition and requires space to provide air flow. Providing space for air flow is in hot humid climate with high density, vertical void is regarded as one of the best design for enhancing passive ventilation performance. This review synthesizes the design parameters of vertical void in hot humid climate as a method to enhance passive ventilation performance. The study uses bibliometric analysis and systematic review to analyze research trend and synthesize the design parameters from selected relevant publications. The results shows that vertical void designs are highly effective in improving passive ventilation in multi-story residential buildings. Various design variables such as aspect ratio, building height, and building to void ratio are paramount in improving ventilation performance. Strategically designed openings can maximize airflow by leveraging windward and leeward ventilation dynamics. Smaller void aspect ratio enhances ventilation efficiency across various void types, while taller chimneys increase air circulation through the stack effect. An optimal building to void ratio also improves air change rates and wind velocity, but excessively large voids may reduce airflow efficiency due to volume related dissipation.