ARCHITECTURE OF EASTERN KAZAKHSTAN (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF UST-KAMENOGORSK CITY)

This article examines various aspects of the architectural and urban heritage of the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk from the 18th to the early 20th centuries. A number of architectural monuments of this key city for Eastern Kazakhstan have historical and cultural value for the history of regional architecture. The methodology of the article's research is based on the analysis of valuable, in architectural and artistic terms, historical buildings, as well as on the analysis of academic literature. In the stylistic and artistic orientation of the city's architecture, trends such as the"brick" style, eclecticism with interpretation of "order" styles, and eclecticism with elements of Art Nouveau can be traced. Сharacteristic feature of Ust-Kamenogorsk was a significant concentration of monuments in the city center, as well as in other cities (Semipalatinsk, Pavlodar), the historical building was dispersed. The architectural image of Ust-Kamenogorsk in the late XIX-early XX century was formed on the basis of the contrast between public buildings and single-story residential buildings, as well as on stylistic unity, the main artistic direction of which was the aforementioned eclecticism with a predominance of buildings in the "brick" style. The buildings and structures of industrial architecture, forming both the facade development of streets and organizing the urban space around them or creating significant urban accents due to their height, were also distinctive.