Polyphenolic Profiling and Wound Healing Potential of <i>Hammada scoparia</i> (Pomel) Iljin: Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Topical Formula

Objective Hammada Scoparia (Pomel) as an endemic plant from the Amaranthaceae family, holds a significant position in the Saharan region of southern Algeria's traditional medicine. The aerial parts of Hammada scoparia was used to cure inflammation and wound healing management. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical constituents of the aqueous extract obtained from the aerial parts of Hammada scoparia (AEHs)and assess its effectiveness in wound healing. Methods Formulation of Wound healing cream were prepared from Hammada scoparia aerial parts aqueous extract then the wounds were applied on the skin of the dorsal region of each Wistar albino for 13 days. Hematological, inflammation and histological parameters were evaluated. Different bioactive compounds were identified within AEHs using HPLC analysis. Results High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified 21 phenolic compounds, with rutin being the most abundant, followed by naringenin, gallic Acid, valinin, and hydroxy-comarin. The formulated AEHs cream exhibited superior wound healing properties, with a 96.54% healing rate by day 13, outperforming the DOUCE PLUS cream and control groups. Physical analyses indicated the cream's white color, neutral odor, humid texture, pH of 6.8, and excellent stability. Hematological parameters revealed the AEHs cream influenced red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelet (PLT) levels positively. Inflammation markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and sedimentation rate (ESR), were also favorably modulated by the treatment. Histological studies indicated that H. scoparia cream promoted re-epithelialization, fibroblast activity, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, thus facilitating an effective healing process. Conclusion The study concludes that Hammada scoparia possess significant wound healing properties, corroborating their traditional medicinal use.