Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels to Removal Ionic Dyes and Their Biodegaration

ABSTRACT Hydrogels from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), chitosan (CS) were syntheised via gamma irradiation at different radaition dose; 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 kGy. The syntheized hydrogels were chataerized by gelation (%), swelling (%), XRD, and SEM to confirm the hydrogel formations. The hydrogels were used to remove dyes of direct blue 1 (DB1), methylene blue (MB) from their aqueous soltions. The effect of contact time, feeding intial concentration and temperature were investigated. The adsorption of kinetics models such pseudo first‐order, pseudo second‐order, and Bangham were studied. The results of kinetics invetsiation showed that DB1 obeys pseudo second‐order, while MB obeys pseudo first‐order. Moreover, the adsorption iostherms of Langmuir isotherm model, Freundlich, Redlich–Peterson isotherm, Sips isotherm, Hill isotherm were applied. The outcome results referred that both of DB1 and MB obey Langmuir model. Further, the Soil degradability test of pure hydrogels and hydrogels‐adsorbed DB1 and hydrogels‐adsorbed MB was carried out by burial under soil for 14 days. The results showed the pure hydrogels exposed rapid soil degradability than hydrogels‐adsorbed DB1 and hydrogels‐adsorbed MB. Furthermore, water‐holding capacity and water retention of sandy soils of hydrogels were studied. The results of water‐holding capacity and water retention showed that the hydrogels that prepared at 20 kGy is highest one than that prepared at 2.5 kGy is the lowest one.