Disparités d'âge et de sexe chez les patients en hémodialyse chronique : une étude rétrospective de 5 ans

Context and objective. Age and gender can influence the course and outcome of patients in dialysis. This study aimed to evaluate the age and gender disparities in dialysis patients. Methods. This was a 5-year retrospective study of medical records of kidney failure (KF) patients who underwent maintenance haemodialysis between January 2016 and December 2020 in the Nephrology units of the Douala General Hospital and the Buea Regional Hospital. Results. Of the 354 patients enrolled, 63% were male and 21.1% were 65 years and above. Male patients were older, [49 years vs 45.5 years, p=0.027]. Male patients were initiated on dialysis early compared to females (5.56 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 4.85 ml/min/1.73m2, p= 0.060). Patients aged ≥ 65 years significantly had the highest glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at initiation (5.6 vs 7.86, p=0.005). Gender, and age did not influence the type of vascular access. Male patients were more hospitalized (22% vs. 6.8%, p=0.001). Patients aged ≥ 65 years had the highest proportion of hospitalizations within a year after initiation of maintenance HD (47.8% vs 24.2%, p=0.001). Mortality at one year was significantly higher in older age (51.0% vs 20%, p=0.0001) and in female patients (33% vs 63%, p=0.003). Conclusion. A divergence between gender (higher in male) and age (> 65 years) has been observed in chronic haemodialysis. However, the mortality rate is higher in women, and over 65 years age. Received: February 7th, 2024 Accepted: October 24th, 2024 https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.5