Role of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Reproductive Medicine- Case Series from UAE.

Objective To assess the benefits of intrauterine infusion of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) to enhance pregnancy outcomes for patients with a history of recurrent miscarriage (RM) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Design Retrospective cohort study and systemic reviews without meta-data analysis. Settings Fakih IVF center in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Patients A total of 19 patients at Fakih IVF Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE were selected, who consulted the center from April 2023 till January 2024, with an age range of 27-44 years old and a Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 24.6-38.5. Intervention Intrauterine infusion of Filgrastim (G-CSF) 300mcg/5ml was infused for 5 days pre-embryo transfer. After the endometrial thickness of 7 mm was achieved, patients received standard luteal support, and the outcomes were assessed based on biochemical and clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and ongoing viable pregnancy. All the patients had a single embryo transferred. Results Out of the 19 patients, eight patients achieved successful ongoing pregnancies (60%); two patients’ procedures were canceled due to bleeding, five had implantation failure, two achieved biochemical pregnancies, and two had first-trimester miscarriages. None of the patients developed any side effects. Conclusion Intrauterine G-CSF infusion may have a beneficial impact on patients with a history of implantation failure or miscarriage. However, further research is required to validate these results and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action of G-CSF in improving IVF success rates by enhancing endometrial receptivity. Such research may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for RM and RIF patients.