Model Predictive Control for Improving Grid–Forming Inverters Operation in Islanded AC Microgrids

This work departs from conventional PI-based $V/f$ control for grid-forming inverters in AC microgrids. While such methods are well-established, their nested loop architecture necessitates extensive tuning efforts. Additionally, PI control may not guarantee optimal active and reactive power sharing under varying operating conditions, potentially compromising the microgrid’s resilience. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel control strategy leveraging a model predictive control (MPC) framework. This approach aims to reduce tuning complexity while enhancing active and reactive power sharing amongst interconnected inverters. A comprehensive theoretical analysis is presented, followed by simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup>. These results demonstrate the proposed MPC-based control strategy achieves superior dynamic performance, characterized by minimal power ripple and accurate power sharing.