Research on Internal Preheating Methods for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries

To address the low-temperature deficiencies of batteries, this paper develops a temperature rise model for lithium-ion battery packs, integrating an equivalent circuit model with a thermal model based on the lithium plating criterion. Additionally, a multi-stage alternating current heating strategy is proposed to enhance the heating rate, taking into account the impact of temperature rise, and employing a variable amplitude heating method. Results indicate that this approach effectively prevents lithium plating, enabling the battery pack to be heated from -15° to above 0° within 435 seconds, significantly improving performance, lifespan, and reliability in low-temperature environments.