<i>Euclid</i> preparation

The ability to measure unbiased weak-lensing (WL) masses is a key ingredient to exploit galaxy clusters as a competitive cosmological probe with the ESA Euclid survey or future missions. We investigate the level of accuracy and precision of cluster masses measured with the Euclid data processing pipeline. We use the DEMNUni-Cov N -body simulations to assess how well the WL mass probes the true halo mass, and, then, how well WL masses can be recovered in the presence of measurement uncertainties. We consider different halo mass density models, priors, and mass point estimates, that is the biweight, mean, and median of the marginalised posterior distribution and the maximum likelihood parameter. WL mass differs from true mass due to, for example, the intrinsic ellipticity of sources, correlated or uncorrelated matter and large-scale structure, halo triaxiality and orientation, and merging or irregular morphology. In an ideal scenario without observational or measurement errors, the maximum likelihood estimator is the most accurate, with WL masses biased low by ⟨ b M ⟩= − 14.6 ± 1.7% on average over the full range M 200c &gt; 5 × 10 13 M ⊙ and z &lt; 1. Due to the stabilising effect of the prior, the biweight, mean, and median estimates are more precise, that is with smaller intrinsic scatter. The scatter decreases with increasing mass and informative priors can significantly reduce the scatter. Halo mass density profiles with a truncation provide better fits to the lensing signal, while the accuracy and precision are not significantly affected. We further investigate the impact of various additional sources of systematic uncertainty on the WL mass estimates, namely the impact of photometric redshift uncertainties and source selection, the expected performance of Euclid cluster detection algorithms, and the presence of masks. Taken in isolation, we find that the largest effect is induced by non-conservative source selection with ⟨ b M ⟩= − 33.4 ± 1.6%. This effect can be mostly removed with a robust selection. As a final Euclid -like test, we combine systematic effects in a realistic observational setting and find ⟨ b M ⟩= − 15.5 ± 2.4% under a robust selection. This is very similar to the ideal case, though with a slightly larger scatter mostly due to cluster redshift uncertainty and miscentering.

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Publication Details

Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2025-01-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202452122
Citations
4
Primary Topic
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
4.77

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article

Euclid preparation

Lucie Baumont, C. Giocoli, S. Farrens, M. Sereno et al.
4 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
4.77
article

Euclid preparation

Lucie Baumont, C. Giocoli, S. Farrens, M. Sereno, L. Ingoglia
article en
4 citations

Abstract

The ability to measure unbiased weak-lensing (WL) masses is a key ingredient to exploit galaxy clusters as a competitive cosmological probe with the ESA Euclid survey or future missions. We investigate the level of accuracy and precision of cluster masses measured with the Euclid data processing pipeline. We use the DEMNUni-Cov N -body simulations to assess how well the WL mass probes the true halo mass, and, then, how well WL masses can be recovered in the presence of measurement uncertainties. We consider different halo mass density models, priors, and mass point estimates, that is the biweight, mean, and median of the marginalised posterior distribution and the maximum likelihood parameter. WL mass differs from true mass due to, for example, the intrinsic ellipticity of sources, correlated or uncorrelated matter and large-scale structure, halo triaxiality and orientation, and merging or irregular morphology. In an ideal scenario without observational or measurement errors, the maximum likelihood estimator is the most accurate, with WL masses biased low by ⟨ b M ⟩= − 14.6 ± 1.7% on average over the full range M 200c &gt; 5 × 10 13 M ⊙ and z &lt; 1. Due to the stabilising effect of the prior, the biweight, mean, and median estimates are more precise, that is with smaller intrinsic scatter. The scatter decreases with increasing mass and informative priors can significantly reduce the scatter. Halo mass density profiles with a truncation provide better fits to the lensing signal, while the accuracy and precision are not significantly affected. We further investigate the impact of various additional sources of systematic uncertainty on the WL mass estimates, namely the impact of photometric redshift uncertainties and source selection, the expected performance of Euclid cluster detection algorithms, and the presence of masks. Taken in isolation, we find that the largest effect is induced by non-conservative source selection with ⟨ b M ⟩= − 33.4 ± 1.6%. This effect can be mostly removed with a robust selection. As a final Euclid -like test, we combine systematic effects in a realistic observational setting and find ⟨ b M ⟩= − 15.5 ± 2.4% under a robust selection. This is very similar to the ideal case, though with a slightly larger scatter mostly due to cluster redshift uncertainty and miscentering.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 695
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (FR), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble (FR), University of Geneva (CH), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES), Leiden University (NL), California Institute of Technology (US), University of Copenhagen (DK), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), University of Minnesota (US), American Institute for Economic Research (US), Goddard Space Flight Center (US), University of Hawaii System (US), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (FR), University of Bonn (DE), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (IT), University of Padua (IT), University of Lisbon (PT), University of Waterloo (CA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (IT), Stockholm University (SE), Queen Mary University of London (GB), University of Groningen (NL), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (FR), Lyon College (US), Université Catholique de Lille (FR), Universidade do Porto (PT), Perimeter Institute (CA), Royal Holloway University of London (GB), University of Oslo (NO), Universidad de Salamanca (ES), Institute for High Energy Physics (ES), University of Milan (IT), University of Saint Joseph (US), Princeton University (US), University of Ferrara (IT), Université Côte d'Azur (FR), University of Zurich (CH), University of California, Irvine (US), Université Paris Cité (FR), Aix-Marseille Université (FR), Heidelberg University (DE), University of Cambridge (GB), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Centre National d'Études Spatiales (FR), Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory (IT), Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI), Astronomical Observatory of Rome (IT), Trieste Astronomical Observatory (IT), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (FR), Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte (IT), European Space Agency (FR), Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie (FR), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (FR), Brera Astronomical Observatory (IT), University of Surrey (GB), FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (CH), United Kingdom Space Agency (GB), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ES), Sorbonne Université (FR), University of Oxford (GB), Park University (US), Osservatorio astronomico di Bologna (IT), Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation (FR), Max Planck Institute for Physics (DE), Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences (PT), ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics (AU), Sorbonne Paris Cité (FR), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE), Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (ES), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT), Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology (IT), Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (FR), Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (ES), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (IT), Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (IT), Royal Observatory (GB), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara (IT), SKA Observatory (GB), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (IT), Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (PT), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (DE), Institute of Space Sciences (ES), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (FR), DAWN Center for Independent Living (US), Centre for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics (UZ), Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna (IT), Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (JP), Federico II University Hospital (IT), Institute of Astronomy (RU), Institute of Theoretical Physics (CN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (IT), Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur (FR), CEA Paris-Saclay (FR), Naples Anesthesia & Physician Associates (US), Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (ES), Felix Scholarship (GB), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (FR), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (FR), Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT), Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary (RO), Computing Center (RU), Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (FR), Osservatorio Astronomico della Regione Autonoma Valle d'Aosta (IT), Engineering Science Analysis (United States) (US), Fractal Systems (Canada) (CA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT), Port d'Informació Científica (ES), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (IT), Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IT), Instituto de Física de Cantabria (ES), Flatiron Health (United States) (US), St. Joseph Medical Center (US), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I (IT), Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (IT), Institut de Physique Théorique (FR), European Space Research Institute (IT), Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (FR), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (ES), Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (FR), Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (US), Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, Flatiron Institute (US), European Space Research and Technology Centre (NL), University College London (GB), Imperial College London (GB), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH), University of Turin (IT), Swinburne University of Technology (AU), New York University (US), Case Western Reserve University (US), University of Portsmouth (GB), University of Chile (CL), Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (DE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE), University of Genoa (IT), Sapienza University of Rome (IT), University of the Western Cape (ZA), National Institute for Astrophysics (IT), RWTH Aachen University (DE), Université Grenoble Alpes (FR), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (NL), University of Bologna (IT), Technical University of Denmark (DK), University of Edinburgh (GB), Aalto University (FI)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, European Space Agency, European Commission, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Agenția Spațială Română, Norsk Romsenter, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
4.77
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