Productivity, crude protein and oil content in early-maturing soybean genotypes cultivated in southwestern Goiás

The combination of high protein content, oil content, and grain yield makes soybean one of the most important cultivated legumes worldwide, currently serving as the primary source of plant-based protein. The objective of this study was to evaluate grain yield, oil content, and crude protein content in fourteen early-maturing soybean varieties cultivated in the Southwest region of Goiás, Brazil. The field trial was conducted on a red latosol in the experimental area of the Jataí Advanced Campus of the Federal University of Goiás (CAJ/UFG), using a randomized complete block design with five replicates. The treatments consisted of 14 genotypes. Grain yield was determined based on the mass obtained from each useful plot (3.6 m-2), and converted to kg ha-1 at 13% moisture. Crude protein content was determined using the Kjeldahl method, while oil content was measured using the Soxhlet method. The cultivar DM 118 exhibited the highest grain yield (4,272.82 kg ha-1), while cultivars BR-Rosa showed the highest protein content (42.33%) and M-SOY 7900 the highest oil content (27.33%). Cultivars DM 118 and M-SOY 7900 also demonstrated the highest oil productivity (1,089.65 kg ha-1 and 1,087.73 kg ha-1, respectively).