Socially Enhanced Defense in Energy-Transportation Systems

The ever-increasing entwinement of information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure with the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) has resulted in a congruent coalescence of energy and transportation networks. However, the surfeit of data communication and processing capabilities inherent in these systems also poses a potential peril to cyber security. Hence, a bifurcated logistics operation and cyberattack defense strategy have been propounded for green integrated power-transportation networks (IPTN) with renewable penetration. This strategy leverages the potential of social participation from EVs to amplify the defense operation. The bifurcation comprises of a preclusive stage aimed at fortifying and preserving resource allocation within IPTN and a defensive stage aimed at mitigating the deleterious impacts of cyberattacks through rapid response measures. Conventional measures such as load shedding and operation adjustments are augmented by an innovative defense involvement incentive, designed to elicit additional support from EV users. A mean-risk distributionally robust optimization methodology predicated on Kullback–Leibler divergence is posited to address the limitations in data availability in simulating cyberattack consequences. Empirical investigations through case studies in an urbane IPTN are conducted to evaluate the adverse impacts of cyberattacks and examine countermeasures aimed at mitigating their effects to the greatest extent possible.