Verification of PMU Optimal Placement in Power Distribution Networks Using Synchrophasor Measurements and Real-Time Simulation

Total power system observability is a key feature for the electrical system's monitoring, control, and protection. Phasor measurement units (PMUs) which are presently deployed in electrical power systems (EPSs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in real-time monitoring and network control. They handle different phenomena, providing synchrophasor measurements in normal and abnormal working operations, even for systems with fast-changing dynamics such as active distribution networks (ADNs), by capturing fast transients of the systems. The PMU's high cost is the main setback to their application, and their massive deployment in electrical networks would be a non-realistic and non-cost-effective practice. Therefore, an optimal number of PMUs placed in well-selected and appropriate positions for the total network observability is substantial. This work verifies the PMU Optimal Placement in an Electric Distribution Network Using Synchrophasor Measurements and Real-Time Simulations. The IEEE 14-bus test system, the Integer Programming Procedure method for optimizing the PMU placement, and the real-time simulation of faults in different points of the system were the main approaches used to conduct the work.