Reconstructing the Transport Network of Ancient China and its Relationship to Social Networks

This study reconstructs ancient China's transport system, exploring its intersection with societal networks. We begin by procuring population data indicative of years 2, 742, 1102, and 1522. The transportation matrix, inclusive of roads, rivers, and canals, is subsequently reconstituted. In continuation, we ascertain the transport accessibility for heavy goods. Our accessibility model reveals that history lends itself to a more coherent explanation through quantitative research. We then deploy a gravity model to examine the correlation between transport systems and social networks. The model delineates how transport, particularly travel duration, influenced societal interconnections. The implemented gravity model further highlights the steady deterrent of travel time, suggesting that transport infrastructure might sustainably govern social networks on a historic spectrum. Finally, our research draws on the analysis of five key capitals throughout history, along with other connections inadequately modeled by the gravity approach, to discuss the self-perpetuation effects of social networks. We discern that cities with elevated political stature or a sizable population/economic foundation tend to exhibit a more robust self-reinforcing influence on their social networks.