CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF CERTAIN URINARY SYSTEM DISEASES

The lecture highlights the key aspects of clinical and laboratory diagnostics of urinary system diseases, including cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and urinary tract tumors. It provides in detail information about pathological changes in urine, including its macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, chemical composition, sediment features, as well as the specifics of diagnostic approaches to the detection of various diseases. The differences between acute and chronic forms of inflammatory processes are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of bacteriological analysis and specialized diagnostic methods. Special attention is given to cytological analysis for tumor diagnosis and assessment of differentiation.