Research on flight path measurement method based on monocular photography and inertial data fusion

In accordance with ICAO DOC 9501 Volume I, external noise certification flight tests typically employ a DGPS tracking system to measure aircraft trajectory data, with regulatory requirements for verifying the accuracy of the DGPS system. This paper proposes a method for aircraft trajectory measurement based on Monocular photography, investigates the Monocular photography measurement model and the unified coordinate system algorithm, and demonstrates the feasibility of using aircraft inertial navigation data to correct the three-dimensional position of the aircraft. The method was applied in actual flight tests to measure the trajectories of the aircraft at four different altitudes and compare the data. The results show that the deviation between Monocular photography-based aircraft trajectory measurement and DGPS system data is less than 1.5 meters. This verifies the accuracy of the DGPS tracking system as required by the regulations, providing significant evidence for the application of Monocular photography measurement technology in external noise testing.