Research status and dynamic analysis of damping and vibration reduction technology of rotating machinery rotor system

Large rotating machinery in nuclear, power, and petrochemical industries employ multi-span flexible connections. As the rotor length-to-diameter ratio rises, rigid rotors become flexible, exceeding critical speeds and inducing resonance. This challenges supercritical technologies like damping, vibration reduction, balancing, and driving. In view of the vibration problems of flexible rotor systems with wide-band, multi-mode, and multi-criticality, this paper examines damping and vibration reduction. It highlights modern industrial rotating machinery's evolution, analyzes gyro effects, and critiques traditional damping designs like squeeze film dampers for their limited application range. The paper then delves into rotor vibration control, categorizing technologies as active or passive, and outlining principles, advantages, and disadvantages. Active technology offers precision but high costs; passive technology is cost-effective yet limited in effect and scope. Finally, the research and application status of damping and vibration reduction technology in aerospace, civil engineering, machinery, transportation, and other fields are analyzed, which provides a theoretical reference for vibration reduction and noise reduction technology of rotating machinery.