Enhancing germination of Swietenia macrophylla King. with Beejamrutha an organic formulation

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Beejamrutha treatment on the germination of Swietenia macrophylla seedlings.Study Design: The study followed a comparative analysis using paired t - test of treated and control seed groups to assess germination success.Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in 2024 at the forest nursery of the College of Forestry, Ponnampet, Karnataka, India.Methodology: Seeds were sourced from mature S. macrophylla trees and classified based on physical characteristics, with metrics including color, volume and density. Beejamrutha, a traditional organic formulation, was prepared by fermenting cow dung and urine with soil and lime. Seeds were pretreated with Beejamrutha for 12 hours, while control seeds were soaked in water for one hour. Germination rates, mean daily germination, and other parameters were monitored over the germination period.Results: Beejamrutha treatment notably enhanced germination rate (From 49.4% to 55.93%), decreased germination initiation time by three days, and improved mean daily germination by 50% over the control. Brown seeds exhibited lower density and larger dimensions than white seeds, influencing their germination patterns and response to Beejamrutha. Furthermore, Beejamrutha treatment doubled the germination value, indicating significant improvements in seed vigor and early growth.Conclusion: Beejamrutha treatment substantially benefits S. macrophylla seed germination and seed vigor, highlighting its potential as a sustainable alternative for improving nursery practices in forestry.