Combined modelling of different electric vehicle fleets for estimation of grid impact and flexibility potential

The effects of the integration of electromobility on the distribution grid are mainly considered separately for individual vehicle classes. However, when dimensioning the grid connection capacity in particular for highway rest stops, a combined consideration of different vehicle fleets is necessary. Therefore, this paper presents a modelling approach for the combined consideration of charging of passenger electric cars and electric trucks on highway rest stops based on real user behaviour data. An exemplary case study for a real highway rest stop in the south of Germany shows, that the truck charging has a much larger impact on the total combined charging load even with small degrees of electrification. It also shows that even at full electrification of passenger cars and trucks, not every car parking space needs to provide an own charging point. Furthermore, the flexibility of electric truck charging can be used to flatten the charging profile by load shifting, leading to a lower required dimensioning of the grid connection. Therefore, with the presented approach, it is possible to predict the combined worst-case power demand of passenger electric cars and trucks on highway rest stops.