Impact of internal and network-side demand factors in network-serving load management systems

This contribution presents the impact of internal and network-side demand factors in load management systems according to section 14a of the German Energy Industry Act using the example of charging points for electric vehicles. A methodology to generate network-side demand factors for charging points is presented and applied for average power from 1 kW to 11 kW. Load management is then integrated in a tool for automated strategic network planning. For 2 different real low-voltage networks internal and network-side demand factors are applied in 4 different cases and impact on network state and reinforcement costs is analysed. The simulations show that demand factors have a significant impact on network state. For both low-voltage networks load management only has a positive influence on network state when demand factors are applied. Based on the observations made in this contribution it is recommended to apply network-side demand factors when simulating the impact of load management on low-voltage networks.